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December 2024 Vajra Bodhi Sea 41%uf063To be continued%uf063%u5f85%u7e8cHere, the phrase %u201cbeing drunk again%u201d does not imply that they were so intoxicated as to lose consciousness, but rather that they were mildly inebriated. When slightly drunk, people tend to be more genuine and open with one another. This is reflected in the following line: %u201cFatherly elders spoke randomly.%u201d The term %u201cfatherly elders%u201d is a respectful way of addressing the elderly. Tao Yuanming%u2019s friends were all somewhat advanced in age and had endured many challenges and hardships in their lives. For instance, Tao Yuanming himself took up and resigned from official positions several times, facing numerous setbacks and frustrations. The phrase %u201cspoke randomly%u201d may lack elegance, but it is beautifully expressive, conveying a sense of authenticity and spontaneity.Confucius once instructed his students: %u201cLook at nothing improper, listen to nothing improper, say nothing improper, and do nothing improper.%u201d (Analects: Yan Yuan). This guidance stems from the understanding that young people often lack the selfrestraint and discipline to resist improper influences, making them easily swayed by what they see or hear. Therefore, Confucius urged the youth to avoid seeing, hearing, speaking, or doing anything that contradicts propriety.However, such a life, focused on constant self-restraint, is not the ultimate ideal. Confucius also shared his reflections on personal growth: %u201cAt thirty, I gained my foundation. At forty, I was free from doubt. At fifty, I understood my divine mission. At sixty, I could listen with ease. At seventy, I could follow my heart%u2019s desires without transgressing.%u201d (Analects: On Governing).He described the pinnacle of self-cultivation, saying, %u201cIn my seventies, I could act and speak freely, following my heart%u2019s inclinations, yet everything I did was naturally proper and in harmony with the rules of propriety.%u201d This state represents the highest attainment of perfection in life%u2014a harmonious balance where one%u2019s thoughts, words, and actions flow effortlessly within the bounds of virtue.%u7576%u7136%uff0c%u9019%u500b%u300c%u5df2%u5fa9%u9189%u300d%u4e0d%u662f%u8aaa%u9189%u5f97%u4eba%u4e8b%u4e0d%u77e5%uff0c%u800c%u662f%u8aaa%u5728%u5fae%u9189%u4e4b%u5f8c%u3002%u9019%u500b%u6642%u5019%uff0c%u5927%u5bb6%u5c31%u80fd%u66f4%u771f%u8aa0%u3001%u66f4%u5766%u7387%u5730%u5f7c%u6b64%u76f8%u5c0d%uff0c%u5c31%u50cf%u4ed6%u63a5%u4e0b%u4f86%u6240%u8aaa%u7684%uff0c%u300c%u7236%u8001%u96dc%u4e82%u8a00%u300d%u3002%u300c%u7236%u8001%u300d%uff0c%u662f%u5c0d%u8001%u5e74%u4eba%u6bd4%u8f03%u5c0a%u656c%u7684%u7a31%u547c%u3002%u9676%u6df5%u660e%u7684%u9019%u4e9b%u670b%u53cb%u90fd%u662f%u6709%u4e9b%u5e74%u6b72%u7684%u4e86%uff0c%u5c0d%u4eba%u751f%u7684%u8271%u96e3%u56f0%u82e6%u90fd%u662f%u7d93%u6b77%u9ad4%u9a57%u904e%u7684%u3002%u50cf%u9676%u6df5%u660e%uff0c%u5c31%u66fe%u7d93%u6b77%u4e86%u5e7e%u6b21%u51fa%u4ed5%uff0c%u5e7e%u6b21%u9000%u96b1%uff0c%u7d93%u6b77%u4e86%u8a31%u591a%u7684%u632b%u6298%u5931%u610f%u3002%u9019%u500b%u300c%u96dc%u4e82%u8a00%u300d%u4e0d%u662f%u7f8e%u9e97%u7684%u8a5e%u85fb%uff0c%u4f46%u662f%u5beb%u5f97%u5f88%u597d%uff0c%u7d66%u4eba%u4e00%u7a2e%u975e%u5e38%u771f%u7387%u7684%u611f%u89ba%u3002 %u5b54%u5b50%u66fe%u6559%u5c0e%u4ed6%u7684%u5b78%u751f%uff0c%u300c%u975e%u79ae%u52ff%u8996%uff0c%u975e%u79ae%u52ff%u807d%uff0c%u975e%u79ae%u52ff%u8a00%uff0c%u975e%u79ae%u52ff%u52d5%u300d%uff08%u300a%u8ad6%u8a9e%u2022%u984f%u6df5%u300b%uff09%uff0c%u56e0%u70ba%u5e74%u8f15%u4eba%u5f80%u5f80%u7f3a%u5c11%u4e00%u7a2e%u628a%u6301%u3001%u638c%u63e1%u7684%u80fd%u529b%uff0c%u770b%u4e86%u90a3%u4e9b%u4e0d%u6b63%u7576%u7684%u4e8b%u60c5%u5bb9%u6613%u52d5%u6416%u3001%u6539%u8b8a%u81ea%u5df1%uff0c%u6240%u4ee5%u5b54%u5b50%u4e3b%u5f35%u5e74%u8f15%u4eba%u5c0d%u975e%u79ae%u7684%u4e8b%u60c5%u4e0d%u770b%u3001%u4e0d%u807d%u3001%u4e0d%u8aaa%u4e5f%u4e0d%u505a%u3002%u53ef%u662f%u9019%u4e26%u4e0d%u662f%u4eba%u751f%u7684%u6700%u9ad8%u5883%u754c%u3002%u5b54%u5b50%u9084%u8aaa%u904e%uff1a%u300c%u4e09%u5341%u800c%u7acb%uff0c%u56db%u5341%u800c%u4e0d%u60d1%uff0c%u4e94%u5341%u800c%u77e5%u5929%u547d%uff0c%u516d%u5341%u800c%u8033%u9806%uff0c%u4e03%u5341%u800c%u5f9e%u5fc3%u6240%u6b32%uff0c%u4e0d%u8e30%u77e9%u3002%u300d%uff08%u300a%u8ad6%u8a9e%u2022%u70ba%u653f%u300b%uff09%u4ed6%u8aaa%uff0c%u7576%u6211%u4e03%u5341%u6b72%u7684%u6642%u5019%uff0c%u6211%u53ef%u4ee5%u5fc3%u88cf%u60f3%u505a%u4ec0%u9ebc%u5c31%u505a%u4ec0%u9ebc%uff0c%u60f3%u8aaa%u4ec0%u9ebc%u5c31%u8aaa%u4ec0%u9ebc%uff0c%u800c%u6211%u8aaa%u51fa%u4f86%u7684%u8a71%u3001%u505a%u51fa%u4f86%u7684%u4e8b%uff0c%u81ea%u7136%u4e0d%u6703%u4e0d%u5408%u898f%u77e9%u3002%u9019%u624d%u662f%u4eba%u751f%u5b8c%u7f8e%u7684%u6700%u9ad8%u5883%u754c%u3002%u9676%u6df5%u660e%u8a69%u8b1b%u9304%uff08%u7b2c%u5341%u4e03%u8b1b%uff09Lectures on Tao Yuanming%u2019s Poems (Lecture seventeen) %u8449%u5609%u7469%u6559%u6388 %u8b1b By Professor Yeh Chia-yingEnglish Translated by Early Bird Translation Team%uff08%u7e8c%uff09(continued)%u6668%u73ea%u8b6f%u7d44 %u82f1%u8b6fSPECIAL FEATURE